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Grammatical article in English

The () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, unsaid or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. The is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have institute it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words.^[1] It is derived from gendered manufactures in Quondam English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with pronouns of any gender.^[a] The word tin be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter of the alphabet. This is different from many other languages, which take dissimilar forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers.

Pronunciation

In near dialects, "the" is pronounced as /ðə/ (with the voiced dental fricative /ð/ followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and equally /ðiː/ (homophone of pronoun thee) when followed past a vowel sound or used equally an emphatic grade.^[ii]

Modernistic American and New Zealand English accept an increasing tendency to limit usage of /ðiː/ pronunciation and use /ðə/, even before a vowel.^{[3] [4]}

Sometimes the word "the" is pronounced /ðiː/, with stress, to emphasise that something is unique: "he is the expert", not just "an" skilful in a field.

Adverbial

Definite article principles in English are described under "Employ of articles". The, as in phrases similar "the more the ameliorate", has a distinct origin and etymology and past chance has evolved to be identical to the definite article.^[5]

Commodity

The and that are mutual developments from the aforementioned Old English language system. Old English had a definite article se (in the masculine gender), sēo (feminine), and þæt (neuter). In Middle English, these had all merged into þe, the ancestor of the Mod English word the.^[6]

Geographic usage

An area in which the use or non-use of the is sometimes problematic is with geographic names:

• notable natural landmarks – rivers, seas, mountain ranges, deserts, isle groups (archipelagoes) and and so on – are mostly used with a "the" definite article (the Rhine, the North Sea, the Alps, the Sahara, the Hebrides).
• continents, individual islands, administrative units and settlements mostly do not take a "the" commodity (Europe, Jura, Austria (but the Republic of Austria), Scandinavia, Yorkshire (merely the County of York), Madrid).
• get-go with a mutual substantive followed by of may take the article, as in the Isle of Wight or the Island of Portland (compare Christmas Island), same applies to names of institutions: Cambridge University, only the University of Cambridge.
• Some place names include an commodity, such as the Bronx, The Oaks, The Stone, The Birches, The Harrow, The Rower, The Swan, The Valley, The Farrington, The Quarter, The Plains, The Dalles, The Forks, The Hamlet, The Village (NJ), The Village (OK), The Villages, The Village at Castle Pines, The Woodlands, The Pas, the Vatican, The Hyde, the West End, the East End, The Hague, or the City of London (but London). Formerly east.g. Bath, Devizes or White Plains.^[7]
• generally described singular names, the North Island (New Zealand) or the West Country (England), accept an article.

Countries and territorial regions are notably mixed, most exclude "the" but at that place are some that adhere to secondary rules:

• derivations from collective common nouns such as "kingdom", "democracy", "union", etc.: the Central African Republic, the Dominican Republic, the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Spousal relationship, the United Arab Emirates, including well-nigh country full names:^{[8] [nine]} the Czechia (but Czech republic), the Russia (but Russia), the Principality of Monaco (simply Monaco), the State of Israel (but Israel) and the Commonwealth of australia (but Australia).^{[10] [eleven] [12]}
• countries in a plural substantive: the Netherlands, the Falkland Islands, the Faroe Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Philippines, the Union of the comoros, the Maldives, the Republic of seychelles, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and The Bahamas.
• Singular derivations from "island" or "land" that agree authoritative rights – Greenland, England, Christmas Island and Norfolk Island – do not take a "the" definite article.
• derivations from mountain ranges, rivers, deserts, etc., are sometimes used with an article, even for singular, (the Lebanon, the Sudan, the Yukon, the Congo).^[13] This usage is in refuse, The Gambia remains recommended whereas use of the Argentine for Argentina is considered old-fashioned. Ukraine is occasionally referred to every bit the Ukraine, a usage that was common during the 20th century, but this is considered incorrect and possibly offensive in modern usage.^[fourteen] Sudan (but the Republic of the Sudan) and South Sudan (merely the Republic of South Sudan) are written nowadays without the article.

Abbreviations

Since "the" is i of the most often used words in English, at various times brusk abbreviations for it have been establish:

• Barred thorn: the earliest abridgement, it is used in manuscripts in the Former English language language. It is the letter þ with a bold horizontal stroke through the ascender, and it represents the word þæt, meaning "the" or "that" (neuter nom. / acc.).
• þͤ and þͭ (þ with a superscript eastward or t) announced in Middle English language manuscripts for "þe" and "þat" respectively.
• yͤ and yͭ are developed from þͤ and þͭ and appear in Early Modern manuscripts and in print (see Ye form).

Occasional proposals have been fabricated past individuals for an abbreviation. In 1916, Legros & Grant included in their classic printers' handbook Typographical Printing-Surfaces, a proposal for a letter similar to Ħ to represent "Th", thus abbreviating "the" to ħe.^[xv]

In Eye English, the (þe) was frequently abbreviated as a þ with a small e above it, similar to the abridgement for that, which was a þ with a pocket-size t above information technology. During the latter Middle English and Early Modernistic English language periods, the alphabetic character thorn (þ) in its mutual script, or cursive form, came to resemble a y shape. Every bit a result, the use of a y with an eastward in a higher place it () every bit an abbreviation became mutual. This can still be seen in reprints of the 1611 edition of the King James Version of the Bible in places such as Romans fifteen:29, or in the Mayflower Compact. Historically, the article was never pronounced with a y sound, even when and so written.

The word "The" itself, capitalised, is used as an abbreviation in Commonwealth countries for the honorific championship "The Right Honourable", every bit in e.m. "The Earl Mountbatten of Burma", short for "The Right Honourable Earl Mountbatten of Burma", or "The Prince Charles".^[16]

References

1. ^ Norvig, Peter. "English Letter Frequency Counts: Mayzner Revisited".
2. ^ "the – definition". Merriam Webster Online Dictionary.
3. ^ Ladefoged, Peter; Johnson, Keith (2010). A Course in Phonetics (6th ed.). Boston: Wadsworth. p. 110.
4. ^ Hay, Jennifer (2008). New Zealand English . Edinburgh: Edinburgh Academy Press. p. 44.
5. ^ "the, adv.1." OED Online. Oxford University Printing, March 2016. Web. eleven March 2016.
6. ^ "The and That Etymologies". Online Etymology Dictionary . Retrieved 18 June 2015.
7. ^ "Why is it called The Hague?".
8. ^ "Countries: Designations and abbreviations to utilise".
9. ^ "FAO Country Profiles". world wide web.fao.org.
10. ^ "Using 'the' with the Names of Countries".
11. ^ "List of Countries, Territories and Currencies".
12. ^ "UNGEGN Earth Geographical Names".
13. ^ Swan, Michael How English language Works, p. 25
14. ^ Ukraine or "the Ukraine"? by Andrew Gregorovich, infoukes.com
15. ^ "Missed Opportunity for Ligatures".
16. ^ 'The Prefix "The"'. In Titles and Forms of Address, 21st ed., pp. 8–9. A & C Blackness, London, 2002.

Notes

1. ^ masculine, feminine, or neuter.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The

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